On this day in the History of The Holocaust June 28th. 1919 Germany signs Treaty of Versailles. Only truth has immortality, while distortion is as mortal as the lie it attempts to promote! Ever since Anne Frank wrote her diary, the denial of all that affected her People during the period of The Holocaust has been scurrilously treated. That 6,000,000 Jews of Europe were Murdered has not prevented the rancid nature of a hate filled antisemitism to seek to alter the truth, diffuse the integrity of History and blur the Facts of what happened to Anne and 6,000,000 Jewish People. Many in History will see in Germany’s defeat in WWI the beginnings of Hitler’s use of anger and hatred to destabilise civilising humanity. On June 12th. 1929 Anne Frank is Born in Frankfurt, Germany. On June 6th. 1933 and in conference with senior officials, Hitler declares his ambitions and aims to rearm.
On June 11th. Conference of Silesian Jewish organizations discusses safeguarding rights of German Jews. On June 26th. The Academy for German Law, ‘Akademie fur Deutsches Recht’ is founded with it’s task is to rewrite German Law, in its entirety, in accordance with the specifications of the NSDAP. On June 27th. Jews in London hold an anti-Nazi rally and the following day on June 28th. in a speech to German newspaper publishers, Hitler describes the government’s new journalistic regulations. On June 9th. 1934 Security and Intelligence Service ‘Sicherheitsdienst’ or SD of the SS is the sole arbiter of intelligence in service for the SS and Nazi Party. That sole responsibility for NSDAP Political and Counter Intelligence will emulate all wrongs History could ever estimate. Poland, Romania and Russia agree to the integrity of their mutual borders.
On June 30th. a supposed coup by the SA Leader Ernst Roehm is purged on the ‘Night of the Long Knives.’ Hundreds of SA are murdered and other’s of Hitler’s opponents are eliminated. Victims include Ernst Roehm chief of the SA, and Gregor Strasser, former Reich organisation leader of the Nazi Party.
The SS is now established as the hierarchical policing power as Nazi persecution of homosexuals begins in earnest. On June 9th. 1935 anti-Jewish riots occur in Grodno, Poland and on June 11th. ‘Jews not welcome’ signs are removed, though temporarily. On June 18th. Anglo-German Naval Agreement allows for the expansion of the German Navy so that expansion only allows a German Navy up to 35% of British strength. On June 26th. the Law for the Prevention of Offspring with Hereditary Diseases is amended to provide for compulsory abortion of ‘unfit’ foetuses of 6 month gestation. On June 17th. 1936 Himmler is appointed Chief of the German Police.
On June 26th. Reinhard Heydrich is appointed to head SS Security Service branch, ‘Sicherhietsdienst,’ SD. On June 30th. Polish Jews strike in protest against anti-Semitism and on June 12th. 1937 Heydrich issues detention order for Race Violators, after due process. On June 9th. 1938 the Munich Synagogue is burnt down. On June 14th. Registration and Identification of Jewish industrial enterprises, their ‘aryanisation’ expropriation is decreed. Marked down, all enterprises are stolen, and any financial transactions placed into blocked accounts. The wealth list of Jews to be officially held and on June 15th. In an Asocial Action, 1,500 Jews are re-arrested and confined to Camps.
Monday June 20th. 1938 “..Twenty years ago we tried to save ..world ..now look at it. If we tried to save ..world again ..it would be just as bad. ..we have nothing to gain by entering a European conflict ..and ..everything to lose.” Hugh R Wilson.
On June 22nd. Pope Pius XI’s Encyclical on ‘The Unity of the Human Race’ which clearly denounced racism and antisemitism was not published. On June 25th. Jewish Doctors are only allowed to treat Jews. On June 2nd. 1939 St. Louis reaches Cuba with 937 passengers, mostly Jews, had departed from Hamburg are fleeing Hitler’s persecution. On June 17th. the St. Louis docks in Antwerp with its human cargo after Cuba refused to take them. Britain takes 287 Jewish passengers, France takes 224 Jewish passengers, Belgium takes 214 Jewish passengers, Holland takes 181 Jewish passengers with only 6 managed to disembark in Cuba. On June 1st. 1940 the Tomaszow-Mazowiecki Ghetto in Poland is established and 14,100 Jews will be Enclosed.
On June 4th. with the Completion of the Dunkirk evacuation sees more than 338,000 BEF troops rescued over a 11 day period as the Germans now fully occupy the Town. This is perceived as both a disaster for the British Expeditionary Force, which was forced to retreat but also as a Military blunder by Hitler’s intervention. As Hitler sought to ameliorate British sensibilities, so that any future approach might be more positive for German demands, a halt order was issued to German Forces on the outskirts of the Town as the complete destruction of this mainly British contingent was beaten. The stark reality of Hitler’s interference is judged by Halder, Chief of the Army High Command at the time, OberKommando der Heeres, OKH.
“..Brauchitsch is angry. ..pocket would have been closed at ..coast if ..armour had not been held back. ..bad weather has grounded ..Luftwaffe and ..must now stand and watch countless 1,000’s of ..enemy get away to England ..under our noses.” General Franz Halder.
On June 5th. Battle for France begins and on June 6th. SS Sturmbannfuhrer Herbert Lange completes his action at Soldau with over 1,550 mental patients from the asylum ‘specially treated’, murdered in a euthanasia exercise. Lange would complete his murderous training at Chelmno and Sobibor. On June 8th. the Allied Evacuation of Dunkirk is completed. On June 10th. both Denmark and Norway are defeated by Hitler’s forces as Italy declares war on Britain and France. On June 11th. the Bolimow Ghetto in Poland is established and 4,000 Jews will be Enclosed. On June 14th. as Paris falls the first transports arrive at Auschwitz from Tarnow. On June 15th. the Russians occupy Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.
On June 16th. the Kutno Ghetto in Poland is established and 7,500 Jews will be Enclosed. France now seeks terms of surrender with Germany and Marshal Henri Philippe Petain becomes French Premier. On June 17th. Marshal Petain, as France’s Head of State seeks peace and on June 18th. Hitler discusses the ‘Madagascar Plan’ with Mussolini. On June 22nd. the French Army surrenders as Petain signs the armistice at Compiegne. On June 26th. the American Secretary of State seeks to prevent Jewish refugees entering the US.
Wednesday June 26th. 1940 “..delay ..effectively stop. ..put every obstacle in ..way ..postpone ..postpone ..postpone ..granting of visas.” Breckinridge Long.
On June 28th. Romania cedes Besserabia and Bukovina to Russia and on June 30th. Wehrmacht troops occupy the Channel Islands.
“..from June 1941 till January 1942 I was commander of SK4a.” Paul Blobel.
On June 2nd. 1941 the Second ‘Statut des Juifs’ is passed in France and on June 6th. The notorious Kommissar Order, ‘Kommissarbefehl,’ is issued by Hitler’s Wehrmacht. On June 11th. Hitler issues War Directive No. 32 for the conduct of operations in Russia. On June 12th. Anne Frank is 12 years old. On June 14th. the Hay Action, ‘Heu Aktion’ decree is issued by Alfred Rosenberg, demanding 40,000 to 50,000 Ten to Fourteen year olds for Forced Labour be brought to Germany from the Eastern Territories.
“..each execution. ..mainly directed against ..Jewish Race ..called ‘Sonderbehandlung.’ ..order ..issued by ..RSHA ..had been verbally transmitted to us members of ..Political Department.” SS Untersturmfuhrer Hans Stark.
Much has been made about the many suggested solutions to the Jewish Question, but ultimately, Hitler’s demand for their destruction was delivered. Those, like Rolf Hoeppner would ruminate while observing what would be appropriate for the Jews of Europe. Clearly, as he reflects with Eichmann what has already been well established, as The Final Solution will be delivered across the length and breadth of Europe.
Monday June 16th. 1941 “..It must be seriously considered whether ..most humane solution is not to finish off ..Jews who are unable to work by means of a quickly working agent. In any event ..this would be more appropriate than to let them starve.” SS Obersturmbannfuhrer Rolf Heinz Hoeppner.
On June 17th. Heydrich briefs his Einsatzgruppe Commanders in Berlin, on The Final Solution of the Jewish Question, ‘die Endlosung der Judenfrage,’ and clearly this brief is what British and US ‘intelligence’ identified as the massed killing operations der Einsatzgruppe became engaged in. Then, with the Jews to be trodden under foot, and with a skilled and exercised murderous squad unleashed, the disguise and the weight of a World War provided ample cover for Hitler’s expressed wish. Also, the
Slovakian Governments offers all its Jews over for Deportation.
Tuesday June 17th. 1941 “..To take ..place of emigration ..and with ..prior approval of ..Fuhrer ..evacuation of ..Jews to ..East has become another possible solution. Although both courses of action ..must ..be considered as nothing more than ..temporary expedients ..they do help to provide practical experience which should be of great importance in view of coming Endlosung ..of ..Jewish question.” SS Oberstgruppenfuhrer Reinhard Heydrich.
On June 18th. Germany signs a friendship treaty with Turkey and the hope to spread his influence into more of Britain’s sphere of influence.
Sunday June 22nd. 1941 “..New Lithuania will not give any Jew civil rights nor possibility of existence.” Lithuania Activist Front.
On June 22nd. Germany invades Russia in ‘Operation Barbarossa’. With the Invasion of Russia, Hitler had betrayed his word and his Worldview of the World, a World which should have exerted its own will and drove across Europe and attacked Germany from the West, will deplete the World by some 50/70 Million souls, with 6,000,000 Jews of those systematically Destroyed. Leningrad is fundamental to Hitler’s aspirations with Moscow and Ukraine remaining secondary targets. The Baltic States annexed to ‘Reichkommissariat Ostland.’ Romania is also involved as an Axis partner with 20,000 to 30,000 Romanian Jews confined to the Jiu and Craiova Camps. A newer period of Murderous terror against Romanias Jews begins. Immediately, Four ‘Einsatzgruppe’ battalions begin their mass murder campaign against the Jews, Soviet politicals and others deemed necessary for destruction.
Einsatzgruppen ‘A’ SS Brigadefuhrer Franz Walter Stahlecker.
SonderKommando 1a SS Standartenfuhrer Martin Sandberger.
SonderKommando 1b SS Brigadefuhrer Franz Ehrlinger.
EinsatzKommandos 1c SS Obersturmbannfuhrere Eduard Strauch.
EinsatzKommandos 2 SS Sturmbannfuhrer Dr. Rudolf Lange.
EinsatzKommandos 3 SS Standartenfuhrer Karl Jaeger.
Personnel was interchangeable and on a regular basis, switched to command differing units and even requested removal from the field of operations. Under orders from Stahlecker, the Tilzsit ‘Staatspolizeistelle’ commenced the murders of Jews in the border areas.
Einsatzgruppen ‘B’ Artur Nebe
SonderKommando 7a SS Untersturmfuhrer Albert Rapp.
SonderKommando 7b SS Sturmbannfuhrer Waldemar Klingelhoeffer.
SonderKommando 7c SS Untersturmfuhrer Wilhelm Bock.
Einsatzkommandos 7e SS Sturmbannfuhrer Waldemar Klingelhoeffer.
EinsatzKommandos 8 SS Standartenfuhrer Otto Bradfisch.
EinsatzKommandos 9 SS Standartenfuhrer Alfred Filbert.
Einsatzgruppen ‘C’ Emil Otto Rasch
SonderKommando 4a SS Standartenfuhrer Paul Blobel.
SonderKommando 4b SS Hauptsturmfuhrer Walter Felix Braune.
EinsatzKommandos 5 SS Brigadefuhrer Erwin Schultz.
EinsatzKommandos 6 SS Obersturmbannfuhrere Ernst Bieberstein.
“..order kill came from ..Hitler ..and not only Aktion Kommandos but Army ..also had to carry it out.” Otto Ohlendorf.
Einsatzgruppen ‘D’ Otto Ohlendorf
SonderKommando 10a SS Sturmbannfuhrer Dr. Kurt Kristmann.
SonderKommando10b SS Standartenfuhrer Alois Persterer.
EinsatzKommandos 11a SS Standartenfuhrer Paul Zapp.
EinsatzKommandos 11b SS Obersturmbannfuhrer Werner Braune.
EinsatzKommandos 12 SS Sturmbannfuhrer Emil Haussmann.
These Einsatz kommandos are assisted by all elements of the Reich, Police, Wehrmacht, Waffen SS and local militias. On June 23rd. Lithuanian convicts are photographed murdering Kovno’s Jews while elsewhere, 5 Drushkopol Jews are murdered. der Einsatzgruppe ‘aktionen’ has begun, with daily operational situation reports. Hitler leaves Berlin for the Wolfsschanze at Rastenburg, East Prussia. On
June 24th. the Wehrmacht occupies Kovno, Marcinkonys with 370 Jews and Vilna with 57,000 Jews. Einsatz begin aktionen in Kovno. On June 25th. the ‘steel crow bar’ murders of Kovno’s Jews are photographed. After murdering his 45 or 50 Jews, the murderer sits atop his victims to play his accordion. All Einsatz units are now fully mobilised.
Thursday June 26th. 1941 “..According to Catholic doctrine ..there are doubtless commandments which are not binding when obedience to them requires too great a sacrifice ..but there are sacred obligations of conscience from which no one can release us and which we must fulfil even at ..price of
death itself. At no time ..and under no circumstances whatsoever ..may a man ..except in war and in legitimate defence ..take ..life of an innocent person.” The Fulda Address.
On June 26th. 1,500 of Kovno’s Jews are murdered at Ninth Fort. The Fulda Pastoral letter is prepared by the German Bishops Congress. No word is mentioned of the Jewish People who were increasingly subjected to abuse, attack and the taking of their innocent lives. Hitler was forced by these uttering’s to cease the T4 Euthanasia programme, though he moved them out into the murderous field of der Einsatzgruppe operations. On June 27th. 800 of Szulhof’s Jews are burned to death in their Synagogue by Wehrmacht troops as Wehrmacht troops photograph the ‘wooden club’ murders of Kovno’s Jews.
What Stahlecker knows of these ‘aktionen’ is more widely dispersed than has ever been acknowledged.
Dieter von Bischoffhausen, Staff Officer of Field Marshal Ritter von Leeb’s Army Group North, informs his immediate superiors and both von Leeb and Commanding General of 16th. Army Ernst Busch are well informed of all these Kovno actions. Hungary now enters the war as an Axis partner. On June 28th. 5,000 of Brest-Litovsk’s Jews are murdered as are 1,500’s of Iasi’s Jews, also murdered with more than 8,000 Jews of Iasi being eventually murdered in the coming days. The Germans entered Daugavpils (Dvinsk, Dunaburg)
Saturday June 28th. 1941″..10 dead. all Jews.” SS Obergruppenfuhrer Reinhard Heydrich.
We know that from here, there is no going back and the Jews would pay the ultimate penalty for their existence. Here, Heydrich demonstrates the intention to deal with the Jews, exclusively, and this must be considered, in light of the escalating destruction that had moved gradually from Jewish Men, Jewish POW’s and onto Jewish Women and Children. In the context of what Hitler had clearly intended, the Jews would be met with a destructive force that would not allow any of their number to survive. For those who do Survive, it is an unimaginable pressure which we finally seek for them to recount the horror of Hitler’s systematic resolve to destroy all Jews. On June 29th. Einsatzgruppe ‘A’ acknowledges the murder of 2,300 of Kovno’s Jews by now and a Massacre of Kovno’s Jews is filmed. The Iasi pogrom begins and will leave 8,000 Murdered within a week.
On June 30th. 11,000 of Dvinsk’s Jews are Murdered as are 300 of Lutsk’s Jews, 90 of Dobromil’s Jews as 300 of Amsterdam’s Jews are deported to Mauthausen.
“..June 1942 ..entrusted by Gruppenfuhrer Mueller ..task of obliterating ..traces of executions carried out by ..Einsatzgruppe in the East.” Paul Blobel.
On June 1st. 1942 2,000 of Cracow’s Jews are murdered at Belzec and Jews must now wear ‘The Jewish Star’ in France and Holland. What some might consider a label, many Jews wear their badge with pride and honour.
Monday 1st. June 1942 “..two Jewish women ..mother and ..daughter ..gone ..from Rudki to Bodzentyn. ..Germans ..went into ..woods ..then shot them.” David Rubinowicz.
On June 2nd. 3,000 of Kobrin’s Jews are murdered at Bronna Gora as First deportations of German Jews is made toward Theresienstadt while Viennese Jews are deported to the Minsk Ghetto for possible ‘resettlement’ at Maly-Trostinets.
Tuesday June 2nd. 1942 “..700,000 Jews killed in Poland.” BBC.
On June 3rd. a transport of 2,000 of Cracow’s Jews are murdered at Belzec and elsewhere, Breslau Jews fight back. On June 4th. a transport of 2,000 of Cracow’s Jews are murdered at Belzec and Heydrich dies as America declares war on Romania.
Friday June 5th. 1942 Rauff Report. “..normal capacity of ..gassing vans 9 ..10 persons per square metre.” SS Oberstrumbannfuhrer Walter Rauff.
On June 5th. 97,000 Jews are murdered in mobile gassing vans, Rauff’s SS report declares. As Breslau Jews end their resistance, 3,000 of their Jews are Murdered. The Wehrmacht besieges Sevastopol. On June 6th. the Cracow Ghetto is liquidated and 6,000 of Cracow’s Jews are murdered at Belzec over these past 3 days. Elsewhere 3,000 of Biala-Podlaska’s Jews are murdered while Eichmann insists residents of a Coblenz mental institution join a deportation to Lublin. On June 7th. All Jews in Occupied France must now wear The Jewish Yellow Star as the Deportation of 4,000 of Cernowitz’s Jews to Transnistria begins.
On June 8th. a further 7,000 of Cracow’s Jews have been ‘resettled’ Belzec in week as the Pilica Jewish Council urges escape and Pilica Jews resist. However, 3,000 of Pilica’s Jews are murdered at Belzec. On June 9th. the Germans begin the murders at Lidice with some remnants of Lidice’s Jewry ending up at Belzec as a reprisal for Heydrich’s assassination. On June 10th. 1,000 of Prague’s Jews are murdered in the East as the Germans completely destroy Lidice. Meanwhile the Wehrmacht commences its Don Front Offensive. On June 11th. Eichmann plans for the deportations of Belgian, French and Dutch Jews. On June 12th. 10,000 of Tarnow’s Ghetto Jews are murdered Belzec in a 2 day period and Anne Frank is 13 years old.
On June 13th. 3,000 of Theresienstadt’s Jews are ‘murdered’ and on June 14th. the entire Dzisna Jewish Community is murdered at Piaskowe-Gora. That is 4,000 Jews over a 2 day period. Elsewhere, the deportation of 450 of Dorohoi’s Jews to Transnistria begins and 4,000 Jews from the Old Kingdom and Southern Transylvania are also deported to Transnistria. On June 15th. 1,800 of Borki’s Jews are murdered and Riga requires a 2nd. gassing van while Eichmann is forced to accede to Russian offensive transport demands. Harold Tittmann, America’s chargé d’affaires to the Vatican,, reports back to the US State Department on Pope Pius XII’s seeming willingness not to see Hitler’s mounting atrocity toward the Jews.
Wednesday June 17th. 1942 “..German Government has decreed ..within 6 months all ..Jews ..Croatia ..transferred to Germany ..where ..2,000,000 Jews ..killed. ..same fate awaits ..Croatian Jews.” Gieuseppe Marcone.
On June 18th. the German offensive in Russia fully impinges upon the ‘resettlement’ transports for Hitler’s Final Solution. Both Jozef Gabcik and Jan Kubis who had earlier assassinated Reinhard Heydrich were discovered in Saints Cyril and Methodius Church Prague and are killed alongside others of the Czechoslovakian’s partisan groups.
Thursday June 18th. 1942 “..Well ..this whole scribbling doesn’t make any sense. It is a fact we are not going to survive. ..world will know about everything without my wise notes.” Elsa Binder.
In the midst of the disaster unfolding in the Stanislawow Ghetto, Elsa, who had already lost her Sister Dora, possibly in Belzec, was busy smuggling and scribbling these notes for us. Stanislawow is tragically written into the fabric of Hitler’s Belzec, where the remains of a community adds a testimony to the Jewish struggle to persist.
June 19th. 1942. “..News is filtering through of recent ghastly massacres of Jews in Nazi Europe. Some 85,000 Men, Women, Children are mentioned in reports to hand.” The Jewish Chronicle.
June 19th. By now, 11,500 Jews from the Tarnow Ghetto have reached Belzec and are Murdered there while 100’s of her Jews are taken to nearby Zbylitowska-Gora and are Murdered there. As Glebokie’s Jews resist, they are crushed and 2,500 of them are murdered in the Borek Forest.
Saturday June 20th. 1942. “..Germany ..no longer persecuting ..Jews. It is systematically exterminating them.” OSS Report. (US Intelligence)
June 20th. A Report from Lisbon reaches The United States Office of Strategic Services and it clearly states Hitler’s Final Solution of The Jewish Question is an exterminatory one.
Sunday June 21st. 1942 “..there is only ..small ..rapidly dwindling percentage left of ..24,000 Jews originally living in Kamenets-Podolsky.” Fritz Jacob.
As a member of a Police killing squad, Fritz Jacob would be only too aware of the role played by his own Police force in the murder operations against the Jews. Working alongside the Einsatzgruppe, Fritz Jacob, and fellow high ranking Police Fuhrer, Rudolf Querner, built upon their task which was not limited to mere policing operations. On June 22nd. the First transports from Drancy are ‘resettled to Auschwitz and the following day June 23rd. French Jews are selected for gassing at Birkenau. On June 24th. 1,000’s of Lvov Jews are murdered at Janowska and Piaski Camps, both of which were feeder camps for Hitler’s Belzec. On June 25th. The London Daily Telegraph reported having received information from the exiled Polish government that the Germans were planning to murder all Polish Jews. The newspaper will carry details of the murders committed in eastern Poland with 50,000 Jews having been slaughtered in Vilnius and as terror ruled the Warsaw Ghetto, the real truth cannot be disguised. Knowledge too of the mobile Gassing Operations that were in use is clearly known. At the same time, the Jewish Chronicle was more forthright about the same information.
Thursday June 25th. 1942 “..hideous details ..read like tales from ..imagination of ..maddened creature seeking to portray a nightmare of hell. ..average mind simply cannot believe ..reality of such sickening revelations ..or that men ..even ..vilest and most bestial ..could be found to perpetrate such disgusting orgies of sadistic mania.” The Jewish Chronicle.
On June 26th. the Czech deportation Conference confirms that 52,000 Jewish Men, Women and Their Children are to be deported. On June 28th. 5,000 Jews from Przemyzsl are transported toward Belzec and the following day, June 29th. the Jews of Slonim resist and Hitler’s Reich realises it cannot realise the final resolve without a Jewish expression of contempt.
Tuesday June 30th. 1942 “..More than 1,000,000 Jews Killed in Europe.” Daily Telegraph.
On June 30th. 15,000 of Slonim’s Jews are killed and a 2nd. gas chamber is now functioning at Birkenau. Elsewhere all Jewish schools in Germany are closed as Emanuel Ringelblum was fully fashioning his Oneg Shabbat! The extent of the Slaughter has been made increasingly obvious to those who wish to observe. Emanuel Ringelblum will rally those who see their demise approach and will record in great detail all that Hitler did not wish to be known.
Tuesday June 30th. 1942 “..Jewish population ..living under ..impact of news from London. ..world has been stirred by ..reports of ..slaughter in Poland ..aroused ..deepest emotions in all of us. For many ..many months ..endured ..most terrible sufferings ..asking ourselves ..Does ..world know about our sufferings ..if it knows ..why is it silent. Why was ..world not outraged 10’s of 1,000’s of Jews ..shot ..at Ponary. ..10’s of 1,000’s of Jews poisoned in Chelmno. 100’s of 1,000’s of Jews ..slaughtered in Galicia (AUSCHWITZ). ..slaughter in Vilna ..180,000 ..in Rostov ..Jews ..murdered ..in Kiev (BABI YAR). ..blood is flowing in rivers. Is ..blood of ..Jews more precious. ..Only now have we come to understand ..cause of this silence. ..Polish government ..its own radio station .knew nothing about it. ..if London knew ..next day 100 people ..shot ..Pawiak prison ..why ..did it take many months before they learned of ..100’s of 1,000’s murdered Jews. ..a question which cannot be turned away by excuses!” Emanuel Ringelblum.
As 1943 approaches, the month of June will see the escalation of destruction, liquidation and annihilation gather speed with the Berezhany Ghetto Liquidated. The Dabrowa-Gornicza Ghetto Liquidated. The Tarnopol Ghetto Liquidated and with Jewish Armed Resistance begins in the Bedzin Ghetto, continues in the Bialystok Ghetto, the Czestochowa Ghetto, the Lvov Ghetto and again in the Tarnow Ghetto as the Warsaw Ghetto revolt continues.
“..All ..members ..Jewish Fighting Organisation who have survived ..all Jewish youths capable of fighting ..called on to continue ..struggle.” Isaac ‘Antek’ Zuckerman.
On June 1st. 1943 over 3,000 Dutch Jews are murdered at Sobibor as Jewish Resistance mounts to the Lvov Ghetto liquidation, where 3,000 are killed and more than 20,000 of Lvov’s Jews have already been murdered. Here HSSPF Brigadefuhrer Friedrich ‘Fritz’ Katzmann reported on Lvov’s Jewish attempt to resist.
“..Jews tried every means to evade evacuation. ..We were compelled ..to act brutally. ..We had to blast and burn many houses.” Friedrich Katzmann.
On June 3rd. Himmler issues instructions for schooling of such expertise as might be demanded for the Sonderkommando ‘1005’ action to be taken at Janowska Camp. On June 5th. over 1,200 Dutch Jews are murdered at Sobibor and on June 6th. 1,000 of Tluste’s Jews and 1,000 of Rohatyn’s Jews are murdered. On June 8th. over 5,000 Dutch Jews murdered at Sobibor while over 800 of Salonika’s Jews are transported to Auschwitz. On June 11th. Himmler orders the liquidation of all the Ghetto’s in Poland. On June 12th. Anne Frank is 14 years old and on June 20th. 2,000 of Tarnopol’s Jews are murdered. There will be more than 10,815 of Tarnopol’s Jews eventually murdered. On June 21st. Himmler orders the liquidation of any Ghetto’s in all occupied lands.
Monday June 21st. 1943 “..All ..Jews still ..in .ghetto’s ..Ostland ..to be shut in concentration camps. ..Inmates of ..Jewish ghetto’s ..not required are to be evacuated ..East.” Reichsfuhrer SS Heinrich Himmler.
The euphemism of mass murder permeates the entire verbal construction of terms and means to define the destruction of The Jews of Europe. Himmler of course pronounces such a declaration as a script that will not be written, as a course of events that must not be recorded but with a message which Hitler will receive and approve of. On June 25th. the Czestochowa Ghetto is liquidated with a further 1,000 of her Jews transported to Auschwitz. On June 26th. 2,000 of Dabrowa-Gornicza’s Jews are deported to Auschwitz. On June 27th. 13,000 of Lvov’s Jews are murdered in a week long aktionen. On June 28th. four new crematoria are completed at Auschwitz-Birkenau. On June 30th. Katzmann, the Higher SS and Police Fuhrer for Galicia sought to praise those who had undertaken the slaughter of innocent Jews as a manner of stress alleviation:
“..Despite ..extreme stress ..mood ..morale ..exceptionally good ..praiseworthy. ..by a personal sense of duty ..every officer ..man ..able to overcome this pestilence.” Friedrich Katzmann.
On June 1st. 1944 Joel Brand’s mission reaches Syria and on June 4th. American troops now occupy Rome. On June 5th. Joel Brand is in Aleppo and on June 6th. With the D-day landings and this Allied invasion of Normandy, Allied troops are waging War against Hitler on three Fronts. Joel Brand is arrested on British authority and on June 7th. Joel Brand meets with Moshe Shertok, head of the Palestine Jewish Agency’s Political Department. These Jewish officials in Palestine are now appraised of the threat toward Hungary’s Jews. On June 8th. Joel Brand is moved to Haifa as, on the following day, June 9th. Hannah Szenes is arrested in Hungary. On June 10th. 642 inhabitants of Oradour-sur-Glane, Men, Women and Children, were Murdered by a Waffen SS unit from 2nd. SS Panzer Division (Das Reich).
The Community was forced into the local Church and incendiary devices were placed around the building! The Church was set alight and Those who sought to escape were machine gunned. In total, 190 Men, 247 Women and 205 of Their Children, all Innocent Civilians, were Murdered. On June 12th. Germany launches first V-1 rockets at England and Anne Frank is 15 years old. On June 14th. the Jewish population of Corfu, some 1,800 Jews are transported to Auschwitz. On June 16th. Chelmno resumes its killing operations and a further 3,000 of Lodz’s Jews are ‘resettled’ to Chelmno. On June 18th. Russians break through Mannerheim Line as the Allies take Assisi. On June 22nd. there are the 1st. gassings at Ravensbrueck where 2,000 will be murdered by ‘Zyklon B.’ 700 of Boryslaw’s Jews are transported to Auschwitz.
On June 23rd. there are more of Lodz’s Ghetto Jews murdered at Chelmno as a newer Russian Offensive starts. On June 26th. over 480 of Fossoli’s Jews are transported to Auschwitz as US Reconnaissance Aircraft photograph the Auschwitz and Birkenau Murder operation. On June 27th. and with over 380,000 of Hungary’s Jews who are already sent to Auschwitz, more than 250,000 of these Hungarian Jews have already been murdered at Auschwitz. Elsewhere the Americans take Cherbourg and on June 29th. some 20,000 Jewish Women are force marched from Auschwitz to the Stutthof Camp. Meanwhile the Koldyczewo Camp is liquidated. As 2,000 of the Jewish Survivors are shot into a pit. Hitler now sacks 2 of his most competent Generals, Field Marshal Erwin Rommel and Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt in a fit of pique.
On June 30th. over 1,100 Jews from Paris are transported to Auschwitz as more than 600 Italian Jews are deported toward Fossoli, a transit Camp en-route to Auschwitz. Almost 2,500 Italian Jews reached Auschwitz from Fossoli. An appeal is now made to the British War Cabinet for the release of Joel Brand. On June 5th. 1945 the Allies section Germany and partition Berlin as the Allies now Govern Germany. On June 12th. Anne Frank would have been 16 years old. And on June 14th. Joachim von Ribbentrop, Hitler’s Foreign Minister is captured in Hamburg.
On June 26th. The United Nations Charter is Signed in San Francisco by 50 Nations. Robert Jackson departs Washington to meet with his Allied counterparts in London to discuss legal proceedings against Nazi officials. Numerous disagreements are discussed, including whether to use the adversarial system favoured by the Americans and British, or the inquisitive system favoured by the French and Soviets. For over 800 years, a declaration has been signed by various Countries on the need to punish those who commit atrocities in War as 23 Signatories agree to go forward with an International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. These are:
1) America,
2) Australia,
3) Belgium,
4) Britain,
5) Czechoslovakia,
6) Denmark,
7) Ethiopia,
8) France,
9) Greece,
10) Haiti,
11) Holland,
12) Honduras,
13) India,
14) Luxembourg,
15) New Zealand,
16) Norway,
17) Panama,
18) Paraguay,
19) Poland,
20) Russia,
21) Uruguay,
22) Venezuela,
23) Yugoslavia.
The Allies agree to prohibit the use of the defence of superior orders, although they agree to allow its consideration in mitigation of sentence. Perhaps the underlying concern with Nuremberg will be the comparative relationship some wish to place before the Tribunal, world events with acts committed against Cities and its peoples. Hiroshima, Nagasaki and even Dresden were used as some sort of equation that would somehow tip the scale of justice? In truth, the murders of 6,000,000 Jews is not comparative on any scale, is a separate issue of Crimes Against Humanity, where Laws of Governments and International States are supplanted by immoral codes and acts of murderous contempt for that rule of Law.
On June 3rd. 1946 General Alfred Jodl testifies at his Nuremberg Trial. A week later on June 10th. Arthur Seyss-Inquart testifies at his Nuremberg Trial. On June 12th. Anne Frank would have been 17 years old. On June 14th. Franz von Papen testifies at his Nuremberg Trial and a week later on June 21st. Albert Speer testifies at his Nuremberg Trial. On June 7th. 1951 Paul Blobel, Werner Braune, Erich Naumann, Otto Ohlendorf, Georg Schallermair and Hans Schmidt are all executed. On June 23rd. 1952 SS Sturmbannfuhrer Willi Rudolf Haase Hanged for his Crimes Against the Jews of Poland.
On June 1st. 1962 Adolf Eichmann is Hanged for his Crimes Against the Jews of Humanity, in a Ramla Prison! His ashes are scattered in the Mediterranean.
June 7th. 1979 Pope John Paul II visits Auschwitz and delivers a speech which should have emanated from the Vatican during many a Pontiff’s reign:
“..concentration camp. ..this place ..built for ..negation of faith ..in God and ..man ..to trample radically not only on love but on all signs of human dignity ..of humanity. A place built on hatred and on contempt for man in ..name of a crazed ideology. A place built on cruelty. On ..entrance gate ..is placed ..inscription
‘Arbeit macht frei’
..a sardonic sound ..its meaning ..radically contradicted by what took place within. ..In this site of ..terrible slaughter that brought death to 4,000,000 people. ..in ..gas chamber of ..camp. ..In ..place of terrible devastation of humanity and human dignity there is victory of humanity. ..Can it still be a surprise to anyone that the Pope born and brought up in this land ..Pope who came ..from ..diocese in whose territory is situated ..Auschwitz ..should have begun his first Encyclical with ..words ..should have dedicated it as a whole to ..cause of man ..to ..dignity of man ..to ..threats to him ..and finally to his inalienable rights that can so easily be trampled on and annihilated by his fellowmen. Is it enough to put man in a different uniform ..arm him with ..apparatus of violence. Is it enough to impose on him an ideology in which human rights are subjected to ..demands of ..system ..completely subjected to them ..so as in practice not to exist at all. ..I have gone down to Maximilian Kolbe’s death cell and kneeled in front of ..execution wall and passed among ..ruins of ..cremation furnaces of Birkenau. It was impossible for me not to come here as Pope. ..I kneel before all the inscriptions that come one after another bearing ..memory of ..victims of Birkenau in languages ..Polish ..English ..Bulgarian ..Romany ..Czech ..Danish ..French ..Greek ..Hebrew ..Yiddish ..Spanish ..Flemish ..Serbo Croat ..German ..Norwegian ..Russian ..Romanian ..Hungarian ..Italian. In particular I pause with you ..before ..inscription in Hebrew. This inscription awakens ..memory of ..People whose sons and daughters were intended for total extermination. ..I speak not only because of ..4,000,000 victims of this vast field.” Pope John Paul II.